[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1088},["ShallowReactive",2],{"woman-/women/efunroye-tinubu":3,"hub-cause-index":142,"related-efunroye-tinubu":876},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"born":116,"causes":117,"country":121,"dateAdded":122,"description":106,"died":123,"era":124,"extension":125,"featured":126,"funFact":127,"hook":128,"image":129,"imageCredit":130,"meta":131,"name":5,"navigation":126,"ogFocal":132,"path":133,"readingTime":134,"region":135,"sameAs":136,"seo":137,"slug":138,"stem":139,"summary":140,"__hash__":141},"women/women/efunroye-tinubu.md","Efunroye Tinubu",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":105},"minimark",[9,14,18,21,24,27,31,34,37,40,44,47,50,54,57,60,63,67,70,74,77,80,83,87,90,93,96,99],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"biography","Biography",[15,16,17],"p",{},"She was born Efunporoye Osuntinubu, around 1805 or 1810, in the Ojokodo forest country of Egbaland, in what is now Ogun State. Her grandmother Osunsola was an Owu trader who took boats down to Badagry carrying bark, roots, herbs and skins, and that is where the apprenticeship started. Her mother sold food.",[15,19,20],{},"Her first husband died young and left her a widow with two small sons. In about 1833 she married Adele Ajosun, who had been Oba of Lagos and been thrown out, and was sitting in exile at Badagry. Two years later Adele went back to the throne and she walked into Lagos beside him.",[15,22,23],{},"She never really left the centre of power again. Adele died in 1837. She backed his son Oluwole. Oluwole was killed in a gunpowder explosion in 1841 and she backed Akitoye against Kosoko. When Kosoko drove Akitoye out in 1845 she went into exile with him, and when the Royal Navy shelled Lagos in December 1851 and put Akitoye back, she came back too, and collected her reward: trading concessions and grants of land, including the ground where Tinubu Square now sits.",[15,25,26],{},"Her two sons died young. She appears to have left no descendants at all.",[10,28,30],{"id":29},"what-she-traded","What she traded",[15,32,33],{},"Everything. Tobacco, salt, cotton, palm oil, coconut oil, pepper, cloth, and firearms and gunpowder in quantity. By 1850 she was the most important middleman between European merchants on the coast and the Yoruba interior, with an armed household and a private retinue.",[15,35,36],{},"She also traded in people, and she went on doing it after the treaty of January 1852 made it illegal, moving captives to Brazilian and Portuguese buyers in exchange for guns. This is not a colonial slander. It is in the standard biography of her, Oladipo Yemitan's, which concludes she continued in the trade until she died. When she was once accused of selling a boy, the answer attributed to her was that she had a large household and had to feed them, and needed the money to do it.",[15,38,39],{},"There is a popular version of her in Nigeria now as a repentant slave trader who turned against the traffic. It is not supported by the sources. An archive that tells you only the heroic half of her is not telling you about her.",[10,41,43],{"id":42},"historical-context","Historical Context",[15,45,46],{},"Lagos in her lifetime was the hinge of the Bight of Benin. Britain had abolished its own slave trade in 1807 and spent the next fifty years trying to shut everyone else's, with a naval squadron, treaties and consuls, while simultaneously building a commercial position on the same coast. The bombardment that restored her ally Akitoye in 1851 was sold as anti-slavery and functioned as regime change. Ten years later Britain annexed Lagos outright.",[15,48,49],{},"Into that a Yoruba woman had built a commercial empire that stood between British merchants and the interior. She was an obstacle to two British projects at once, the suppression of the trade and the opening of the market, and she was not going to move.",[10,51,53],{"id":52},"the-banishment","The banishment",[15,55,56],{},"Consul Benjamin Campbell came back to Lagos in 1856, went to Oba Dosunmu, and had her thrown out of the city. In May 1856 she was banished to Abeokuta.",[15,58,59],{},"The reasons given were a bundle. She was still trading slaves for guns. She held a grip on Lagos commerce that Campbell wanted broken. She had led agitation in 1855 against the Saro and Amaro returnees, the Sierra Leonean and Brazilian traders whose arrival was reshaping the city, and the formal charge was that she used her wealth and power against the Oba and subverted the customs of Lagos. There was also an allegation, never proved, that she had plotted against Campbell's life.",[15,61,62],{},"She is often called the first Nigerian woman to resist British rule. What is true is that a British official removed her because she would not be governed. What that resistance was in defence of is the uncomfortable part.",[10,64,66],{"id":65},"what-she-fought-for","What She Fought For",[15,68,69],{},"Her own commercial and political independence, pursued with total consistency for fifty years and without much concern for who paid for it. Her career is a straight answer to a question people often ask abstractly, which is whether power in a woman's hands looks different. Hers did not. It looked like power.",[10,71,73],{"id":72},"major-achievements","Major Achievements",[15,75,76],{},"She held effective kingmaking influence across four reigns in Lagos: Adele, Oluwole, Akitoye and Dosunmu.",[15,78,79],{},"Exiled and starting again at nearly fifty, she rebuilt in Abeokuta as an arms merchant, and when Dahomey came against the city under King Glele in March 1864 with thousands of troops including the women's corps, she is credited with supplying the Egba army with powder, bullets and provisions. The Egba threw Dahomey back.",[15,81,82],{},"That same year the Egba made her Iyalode, the senior woman of the realm, a title that carried a seat on the ruling council and authority over markets and trade. She was the first Iyalode of Egbaland. It was not a courtesy; in Yoruba practice the office went to a woman who had already accumulated the power it recognised.",[10,84,86],{"id":85},"her-impact-today","Her Impact Today",[15,88,89],{},"Tinubu Square on Lagos Island carries her name, and has carried it longer than the interruption suggests: it was Ita Tinubu first, was renamed Independence Square after 1960, and then the old name came back. Her statue stands there on a cenotaph, dedicated during Bola Tinubu's time as governor of Lagos State. The square is being rebuilt again as a public park.",[15,91,92],{},"On the question people always ask: she is not known to be related to Bola Ahmed Tinubu, president of Nigeria since 2023. Tinubu was not a family surname of hers. It is the tail of her own birth name, Osuntinubu, a name given to a devotee of Osun, and in nineteenth-century Lagos her household name spread to everyone under her roof, including her husband's children by other wives and the people she held as slaves. That is why the name is common in Lagos. She also seems to have left no surviving descendants. He has never claimed the connection.",[15,94,95],{},"She is argued about constantly, which is the healthiest thing that could happen to her memory. When a Nollywood production announced a film about her, the objection came fast and from Nigerians: why make a heroine of a slave trader when Amina and Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti are sitting right there. It is a fair question. The answer this archive gives is that she belongs in it precisely because she is not a moral lesson. She was a Yoruba woman who reached the top of a brutal economy on her own terms and never apologised, and Nigeria is still arguing about what to do with her a hundred and forty years later.",[97,98],"hr",{},[15,100,101],{},[102,103,104],"em",{},"Sources: Oladipo Yemitan, \"Madame Tinubu: Merchant and King-maker\" (Ibadan University Press, 1987); Kristin Mann, \"Slavery and the Birth of an African City: Lagos, 1760-1900\" (Indiana University Press, 2007); Gloria Chuku, \"Tinubu, Efunroye\", Dictionary of African Biography (Oxford, 2008); Robert Smith, \"The Lagos Consulate, 1851-1861\"; Farooq Kperogi, \"Kanuri Origins of the Tinubu Family in Lagos\" (2022); The Guardian Nigeria; BlackPast; Wikipedia (Efunroye Tinubu, Reduction of Lagos, Iyalode, Tinubu Square).",{"title":106,"searchDepth":107,"depth":107,"links":108},"",2,[109,110,111,112,113,114,115],{"id":12,"depth":107,"text":13},{"id":29,"depth":107,"text":30},{"id":42,"depth":107,"text":43},{"id":52,"depth":107,"text":53},{"id":65,"depth":107,"text":66},{"id":72,"depth":107,"text":73},{"id":85,"depth":107,"text":86},1805,[118,119,120],"Political power","Women's economic empowerment","Women's leadership","Nigeria","2026-09-11",1887,"Colonial","md",true,"Thousands of Lagosians pass Tinubu Square every day. The name is hers, and it is not a family surname: it comes from her own birth name, Osuntinubu, and in the 1800s everyone in her household took it, including people she owned.","She made and unmade kings of Lagos, and Britain exiled her for a trade she kept.","/women/placeholder.svg","A nineteenth-century photograph of her survives on Wikimedia Commons; awaiting licence verification before use",{},"50% 20%","/women/efunroye-tinubu",6,"West Africa",null,{"description":106},"efunroye-tinubu","women/efunroye-tinubu","The most powerful merchant in nineteenth-century Lagos, who put three men on the throne, was banished by a British consul for refusing to stop trading in people, rebuilt her fortune in Abeokuta selling guns to an army fighting Dahomey, and became the first Iyalode of Egbaland. She is celebrated on a square in Lagos and condemned in the same breath, and both are earned.","mPOiTK0R0_Nn8NUhTbDh_S2Ei0gAF2a9YOhi1p_mdzw",[143,149,154,160,165,171,176,183,189,193,198,203,207,212,215,219,224,229,235,240,244,248,251,257,261,264,267,272,277,282,286,290,294,298,302,305,310,315,320,323,328,330,332,335,339,343,345,349,353,356,360,363,367,372,377,382,384,387,389,392,395,398,401,406,408,415,417,421,424,429,432,434,437,440,443,446,450,454,460,463,467,471,474,476,480,483,487,490,493,497,501,503,505,507,512,514,517,519,522,526,528,530,532,536,538,541,544,548,551,554,558,562,565,569,572,574,576,579,585,588,592,594,596,598,603,609,611,613,616,618,622,627,631,633,635,640,643,647,651,653,655,657,661,664,667,674,681,686,688,693,695,698,704,706,708,710,714,719,721,723,727,729,732,734,739,745,747,749,755,757,764,769,776,782,784,788,791,797,801,803,807,810,814,816,818,823,826,828,831,833,835,840,843,848,851,853,857,859,864,866,869],{"causes":144},[145,146,147,148],"Diaspora affairs","Accountability","Women in politics","Media",{"causes":150},[151,152,153,120],"Political leadership","Cultural preservation","Sovereignty & independence",{"causes":155},[156,157,158,159],"Education","Pan-Africanism","Women's rights","Cultural identity",{"causes":161},[162,158,163,164],"Anti-apartheid","Political freedom","Democracy",{"causes":166},[167,168,169,170],"Climate justice","Environmental activism","Youth leadership","Lake Chad crisis",{"causes":172},[173,174,175,156],"Technology","Computer Science","Women in STEM",{"causes":177},[178,179,180,181,182],"Girls' education","Merit over ethnicity","Women in science","Peace & reconciliation","Protection of civilians",{"causes":184},[185,186,187,188],"Representation","HIV awareness","Women's visibility","Beauty & fashion",{"causes":190},[158,191,156,192],"Health","Advocacy",{"causes":194},[195,146,196,197],"Human rights","Women's activism","Anti-police brutality",{"causes":199},[200,201,120,202],"Anti-apartheid activism","Healthcare rights","Political rights",{"causes":204},[205,206,153],"Anti-colonial activism","Spiritual leadership",{"causes":208},[209,210,157,211],"Literature","Feminism","African identity",{"causes":213},[214,151,158,168],"Science",{"causes":216},[191,217,218,180],"Public health","Medical heroism",{"causes":220},[221,222,223,120],"Sustainable development","Global governance","Climate policy",{"causes":225},[226,118,227,228],"Military leadership","Women's sovereignty","Trade expansion",{"causes":230},[231,232,233,234],"Sahrawi self-determination","Nonviolent resistance","Human rights documentation","Political prisoners' rights",{"causes":236},[237,238,239],"Pan-African independence","Women's political power","Equal access to medicine",{"causes":241},[178,242,243],"Artistic freedom","African culture on the world stage",{"causes":245},[158,246,200,119,247],"Judicial reform","Constitutional development",{"causes":249},[202,250,201,205],"Women's suffrage",{"causes":252},[158,253,254,255,256],"Development and poverty reduction","HIV/AIDS response","Rule of law","African representation in global governance",{"causes":258},[164,163,259,260],"Youth activism","Arab Spring",{"causes":262},[209,158,263,159],"Freedom of expression",{"causes":265},[195,255,266,120],"Civil society",{"causes":268},[269,214,270,271],"Agriculture","Women in academia","Food security",{"causes":273},[274,275,164,276],"Anti-apartheid resistance","Women's political leadership","Arts & culture",{"causes":278},[209,279,280,281],"Racial justice","Women's identity","Exile and belonging",{"causes":283},[152,263,284,285],"Women's health education","Defiance of social convention",{"causes":287},[288,238,289],"Independence","Grassroots organizing",{"causes":291},[292,158,293,146],"Journalism","Peace",{"causes":295},[296,187,297,185],"Sports","Athletics",{"causes":299},[300,301,158,156],"History","Gender studies",{"causes":303},[159,162,158,304],"Music",{"causes":306},[307,156,308,309],"Women's rights in literature","Immigrant experience","Social justice",{"causes":311},[312,313,217,314,275],"National independence","Women's equality in liberation movements","Pan-African women's solidarity",{"causes":316},[317,195,318,319],"Sport & empowerment","Bodily autonomy","Gender equality",{"causes":321},[152,322,157],"Cultural diplomacy",{"causes":324},[325,326,202,327],"Women's education","Anti-pass law resistance","Religious & social welfare",{"causes":329},[210,209,319,211],{"causes":331},[296,187,297,185],{"causes":333},[202,250,156,334],"Anti-colonialism",{"causes":336},[214,337,175,338],"Geophysics","Natural resources",{"causes":340},[341,158,342,157],"Anti-colonial resistance","Scholarship & literature",{"causes":344},[317,319,181],{"causes":346},[347,348,156,195],"Gender-based violence","Children's rights",{"causes":350},[226,334,351,352],"Berber sovereignty","Women's power",{"causes":354},[205,355,195,158],"Nationalist politics",{"causes":357},[217,358,359,120],"Anti-corruption & transparency","Consumer protection",{"causes":361},[250,362,163],"Women's education and literacy",{"causes":364},[274,202,365,366],"International solidarity","ANC activism",{"causes":368},[369,180,370,371],"Healthcare","Child health","Ophthalmology",{"causes":373},[374,375,376],"Maternal health","Ending female genital mutilation","Training midwives",{"causes":378},[379,380,157,381],"Theatre","Children's education","African literature",{"causes":383},[118,119,120],{"causes":385},[275,202,386],"Economic reform",{"causes":388},[151,195,120,322],{"causes":390},[151,164,391,158],"Post-conflict reconstruction",{"causes":393},[274,158,394,156],"Community organising",{"causes":396},[151,153,397],"Religious leadership",{"causes":399},[386,158,156,400],"Grassroots organising",{"causes":402},[403,404,405],"Ndebele art and cultural heritage","Women in the arts","Teaching tradition to new generations",{"causes":407},[156,397,152],{"causes":409},[410,411,412,413,414],"Environmental conservation","Ending the charcoal trade","Renewable energy","Pastoralist livelihoods","Women in peacebuilding",{"causes":416},[200,195,158,309],{"causes":418},[419,195,255,420],"International justice","War crimes accountability",{"causes":422},[156,423,270],"Library Science",{"causes":425},[426,427,428,152],"Women's representation in literature","Publishing & education","Post-war reconstruction",{"causes":430},[431,158,156,185],"Legal rights",{"causes":433},[386,120,156,309],{"causes":435},[214,436,175,156],"Physics",{"causes":438},[276,187,439,185],"Nollywood",{"causes":441},[202,205,325,442],"Labour rights",{"causes":444},[250,202,325,445],"Northern Nigeria women's rights",{"causes":447},[448,276,449,187],"Film","African storytelling",{"causes":451},[158,319,452,178,453],"Pan-African integration","Democratic governance",{"causes":455},[456,457,458,459,334],"Malagasy independence","Amnesty for political prisoners","Women's political participation","Malagasy culture and language",{"causes":461},[348,156,158,462],"Peace & humanitarian work",{"causes":464},[156,465,270,466],"Mathematics","Leadership",{"causes":468},[120,319,469,470,119],"Local governance","Urban development",{"causes":472},[473,146,120,266],"Governance",{"causes":475},[164,120,195,266],{"causes":477},[118,478,479,120],"Trade","Architecture",{"causes":481},[195,158,255,482],"Anti-death penalty",{"causes":484},[485,158,486],"Healthcare for the displaced","Peace and clan reconciliation",{"causes":488},[274,195,489,255],"Parliamentary opposition",{"causes":491},[158,312,156,492],"Feminist organising",{"causes":494},[458,495,164,496],"Diplomacy","Development",{"causes":498},[499,119,500],"Environmental sustainability","Plastic waste reduction",{"causes":502},[431,156,270,466],{"causes":504},[158,205,200,156,157],{"causes":506},[276,156,379,187],{"causes":508},[509,510,511],"Freedom from slavery","Dignity of trafficking survivors","Faith and service",{"causes":513},[205,158,319,156],{"causes":515},[151,158,164,516],"Economic development",{"causes":518},[347,195,181,158],{"causes":520},[153,521,341],"Diplomacy & military strategy",{"causes":523},[524,120,525,473],"Economic policy","Finance",{"causes":527},[206,205,153,152],{"causes":529},[164,202,195,255],{"causes":531},[151,156,153,120],{"causes":533},[276,152,534,535],"Women's recognition","Traditional craft",{"causes":537},[341,153,206],{"causes":539},[540,158,391,202],"Peace activism",{"causes":542},[274,275,543,442],"Pass laws",{"causes":545},[209,546,276,547],"Women's voices","Publishing",{"causes":549},[516,120,473,550],"Public finance",{"causes":552},[448,185,553,158],"Anti-colorism",{"causes":555},[458,556,334,325,557],"Press freedom","African feminist literature",{"causes":559},[275,560,325,561],"Mende unity","Diplomatic mediation",{"causes":563},[156,564,270,466],"Chemistry",{"causes":566},[567,255,568,120],"Women in the judiciary","Protection of civilians in conflict",{"causes":570},[162,156,217,571],"Democratic reform",{"causes":573},[521,120,153],{"causes":575},[458,400,205,355],{"causes":577},[307,156,578,309],"Polygamy & marriage law",{"causes":580},[581,582,583,584],"Women's welfare","Rural development","First Lady legacy","Beauty and culture",{"causes":586},[348,309,587,120],"Legal reform",{"causes":589},[590,591,246],"Women's legal rights","Ending marriage by abduction",{"causes":593},[205,153,152],{"causes":595},[276,187,439,185],{"causes":597},[200,322,157,158],{"causes":599},[274,600,263,601,602],"Black women's voices in publishing","Black-owned publishing","Documenting township life",{"causes":604},[605,606,607,608],"Sacrifice","Community protection","Women's courage","Yoruba heritage",{"causes":610},[341,153,120],{"causes":612},[205,342,158,156],{"causes":614},[274,615,195,163],"Literature & free expression",{"causes":617},[325,342,397,152],{"causes":619},[458,164,620,621],"Social development","First ladies' activism",{"causes":623},[624,625,626],"Women in sport","Olympic leadership","Youth empowerment through sport",{"causes":628},[210,158,629,630,163],"Anti-FGM","Secularism",{"causes":632},[341,151,153,120],{"causes":634},[205,153,206],{"causes":636},[637,638,639],"National liberation and independence","Women in political leadership","Peace, stability and clean government",{"causes":641},[276,642,439,187],"Health awareness",{"causes":644},[386,645,120,646],"Transparency & anti-corruption","Global trade & development",{"causes":648},[649,650,152,156],"Art","Women empowerment",{"causes":652},[200,201,275,157],{"causes":654},[341,158,400,119],{"causes":656},[153,341,151,521],{"causes":658},[156,659,660,516],"Anti-corruption","Good governance",{"causes":662},[210,663,158,209],"Anti-racism",{"causes":665},[448,666,158,449],"Humanitarian work",{"causes":668},[669,670,671,672,673],"Women's economic independence","Indigenous African commerce","Women's political authority","Market regulation","Dispute resolution",{"causes":675},[676,677,678,679,680],"Women's empowerment","HIV/AIDS awareness","National unity","Niger Delta environmental justice","Artists' rights",{"causes":682},[158,683,684,242,685],"Against forced marriage","Against polygamy","Economic empowerment of women",{"causes":687},[158,151,319,156],{"causes":689},[690,691,120,692],"Truth & reconciliation","Trauma & healing","Psychology & social justice",{"causes":694},[151,120,226,152],{"causes":696},[118,227,226,697],"Cultural legacy",{"causes":699},[700,701,702,703,669],"Women's safety","Ending FGM","Ending forced marriage","Shelter for survivors of violence",{"causes":705},[276,187,439,185],{"causes":707},[205,458,202,153],{"causes":709},[195,164,120],{"causes":711},[274,712,202,713],"Journalism & free press","Academic freedom",{"causes":715},[181,716,458,717,718],"Disarmament","Democratic elections","Refugee resettlement",{"causes":720},[276,187,304,185],{"causes":722},[495,120,540,151],{"causes":724},[341,158,725,726],"Refugee support","Independence struggle",{"causes":728},[151,164,217,158],{"causes":730},[159,156,731,157],"Resilience",{"causes":733},[341,521,206,153],{"causes":735},[736,737,738],"Genocide remembrance","Literature as testimony","Dignity of refugees and women",{"causes":740},[741,180,742,743,744],"African food security","Bioscience capacity in Africa","Sustainable pest management","Smallholder farmers",{"causes":746},[151,226,120,276],{"causes":748},[276,187,439,185],{"causes":750},[751,458,752,753,754],"Women's access to education","Social welfare","Educational equity","Disability rights",{"causes":756},[151,217,158,164],{"causes":758},[759,760,761,762,763],"Women in sacred music","Preservation of mbira tradition","Cultural resistance","Zimbabwean liberation","Mentoring female musicians",{"causes":765},[369,766,767,768],"Pharmaceuticals","Women in business","Entrepreneurship",{"causes":770},[771,772,773,774,775],"Abolition of the death penalty","Prisoners' rights","Legal education for the incarcerated","Fair sentencing","Rehabilitation of ex-prisoners",{"causes":777},[778,779,780,781,713],"African feminism","Decolonisation of law","LGBTQ+ rights","Ending sexual harassment",{"causes":783},[275,181,386,164],{"causes":785},[786,787,178],"Women's health","Family planning",{"causes":789},[153,341,151,790],"Military strategy",{"causes":792},[180,793,794,795,796],"Affordable cancer treatment","Nanotechnology in Africa","Clean water","Mentorship of African researchers",{"causes":798},[293,624,799,800],"Refugee rights","Youth empowerment",{"causes":802},[348,319,156,158],{"causes":804},[466,805,806],"Nation-building","Indigenous heritage",{"causes":808},[276,187,809,185],"Afrobeats",{"causes":811},[269,812,270,813],"Economics","Public service",{"causes":815},[342,263,158,309],{"causes":817},[159,120,157,304],{"causes":819},[820,821,822],"Equal citizenship for women","Human rights and access to justice","Indigenous land rights",{"causes":824},[825,309,319],"Environmental rights",{"causes":827},[195,255,202,158],{"causes":829},[162,830,163,120],"Human rights law",{"causes":832},[205,158,202,195],{"causes":834},[825,164,158,659],{"causes":836},[156,837,838,839],"African scholarship","Women in research","Gender equity",{"causes":841},[629,158,195,842],"UN advocacy",{"causes":844},[845,846,158,847],"Global health","Inequality","HIV/AIDS",{"causes":849},[200,202,850,120],"Black liberation",{"causes":852},[205,153,151],{"causes":854},[369,158,855,856],"Community development","Family legacy",{"causes":858},[120,521,152],{"causes":860},[861,677,862,676,863],"Malaria eradication","Children's welfare","Adult literacy",{"causes":865},[524,120,473,496],{"causes":867},[195,158,868,473],"Conflict & sexual violence",{"causes":870},[871,872,873,874,875],"Black LGBTQIA+ visibility","Ending hate crimes","Trans rights","Queer archives","Reclaiming Black identity",[877,884,892,901,909,916,922,930,936,942,948,955,964,972,979,985,991,998,1006,1015,1021,1027,1035,1041,1048,1056,1062,1068,1074,1081],{"name":878,"slug":879,"image":880,"country":121,"born":881,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":883},"Abike Dabiri-Erewa","abike-dabiri-erewa","/women/abike-dabiri-erewa.jpg",1962,"Modern",[145,146,147,148],{"name":885,"slug":886,"image":129,"country":887,"born":888,"died":889,"ogFocal":136,"era":890,"region":135,"causes":891},"Abla Pokou","abla-pokou","Côte d'Ivoire",1700,1760,"Pre-Colonial",[151,152,153,120],{"name":893,"slug":894,"image":895,"country":896,"born":897,"died":898,"ogFocal":899,"era":124,"region":135,"causes":900},"Adelaide Casely-Hayford","adelaide-casely-hayford","/women/adelaide-casely-hayford.jpg","Sierra Leone",1868,1960,"50% 10%",[156,157,158,159],{"name":902,"slug":903,"image":129,"country":904,"born":905,"died":906,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":907,"causes":908},"Adelaide Tambo","adelaide-tambo","South Africa",1929,2007,"Southern Africa",[162,158,163,164],{"name":910,"slug":911,"image":912,"country":121,"born":913,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":914,"region":135,"causes":915},"Adenike Oladosu","adenike-oladosu","/women/adenike-oladosu.png",1994,"Contemporary",[167,168,169,170],{"name":917,"slug":918,"image":919,"country":121,"born":920,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":921},"Adenike Osofisan","adenike-osofisan","/women/adenike-osofisan.jpg",1950,[173,174,175,156],{"name":923,"slug":924,"image":925,"country":926,"born":927,"died":913,"ogFocal":136,"era":914,"region":928,"causes":929},"Agathe Uwilingiyimana","agathe-uwilingiyimana","/women/agathe-uwilingiyimana.jpg","Rwanda",1953,"East Africa",[178,179,180,181,182],{"name":931,"slug":932,"image":933,"country":121,"born":934,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":935},"Agbani Darego","agbani-darego","/women/agbani-darego.jpg",1982,[185,186,187,188],{"name":937,"slug":938,"image":939,"country":121,"born":940,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":941},"Aisha Buhari","aisha-buhari","/women/aisha-buhari.jpg",1971,[158,191,156,192],{"name":943,"slug":944,"image":945,"country":121,"born":946,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":947},"Aisha Yesufu","aisha-yesufu","/women/aisha-yesufu.png",1973,[195,146,196,197],{"name":949,"slug":950,"image":951,"country":904,"born":952,"died":953,"ogFocal":899,"era":882,"region":907,"causes":954},"Albertina Sisulu","albertina-sisulu","/women/albertina-sisulu.jpg",1918,2011,[200,201,120,202],{"name":956,"slug":957,"image":958,"country":959,"born":960,"died":961,"ogFocal":962,"era":124,"region":135,"causes":963},"Aline Sitoé Diatta","aline-sitoe-diatta","/women/aline-sitoe-diatta.jpg","Senegal",1920,1944,"50% 45%",[205,206,153],{"name":965,"slug":966,"image":967,"country":968,"born":969,"died":970,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":971},"Ama Ata Aidoo","ama-ata-aidoo","/women/ama-ata-aidoo.png","Ghana",1942,2023,[209,210,157,211],{"name":973,"slug":974,"image":975,"country":976,"born":977,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":914,"region":928,"causes":978},"Ameenah Gurib-Fakim","ameenah-gurib-fakim","/women/ameenah-gurib-fakim.jpg","Mauritius",1959,[214,151,158,168],{"name":980,"slug":981,"image":129,"country":121,"born":982,"died":983,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":984},"Ameyo Stella Adadevoh","ameyo-stella-adadevoh",1956,2014,[191,217,218,180],{"name":986,"slug":987,"image":988,"country":121,"born":989,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":914,"region":135,"causes":990},"Amina J. Mohammed","amina-j-mohammed","/women/amina-j-mohammed.jpg",1961,[221,222,223,120],{"name":992,"slug":993,"image":994,"country":121,"born":995,"died":996,"ogFocal":136,"era":890,"region":135,"causes":997},"Amina of Zazzau","amina-of-zazzau","/women/amina-of-zazzau.jpg",1533,1610,[226,118,227,228],{"name":999,"slug":1000,"image":1001,"country":1002,"born":1003,"died":136,"ogFocal":962,"era":914,"region":1004,"causes":1005},"Aminatou Haidar","aminatou-haidar","/women/aminatou-haidar.jpg","Western Sahara",1966,"North Africa",[231,232,233,234],{"name":1007,"slug":1008,"image":1009,"country":1010,"born":1011,"died":1012,"ogFocal":136,"era":288,"region":1013,"causes":1014},"Andrée Blouin","andree-blouin","/women/andree-blouin.jpg","Central African Republic",1921,1986,"Central Africa",[237,238,239],{"name":1016,"slug":1017,"image":1018,"country":1019,"born":898,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":914,"region":135,"causes":1020},"Angélique Kidjo","angelique-kidjo","/women/angelique-kidjo.jpg","Benin",[178,242,243],{"name":1022,"slug":1023,"image":1024,"country":968,"born":952,"died":1025,"ogFocal":136,"era":288,"region":135,"causes":1026},"Annie Jiagge","annie-jiagge","/women/annie-jiagge.jpg",1996,[158,246,200,119,247],{"name":1028,"slug":1029,"image":1030,"country":1031,"born":1032,"died":1033,"ogFocal":136,"era":288,"region":135,"causes":1034},"Aoua Keita","aoua-keita","/women/aoua-keita.jpg","Mali",1912,1980,[202,250,201,205],{"name":1036,"slug":1037,"image":1038,"country":1039,"born":982,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":914,"region":928,"causes":1040},"Asha-Rose Migiro","asha-rose-migiro","/women/asha-rose-migiro.jpg","Tanzania",[158,253,254,255,256],{"name":1042,"slug":1043,"image":1044,"country":1045,"born":1046,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":914,"region":1004,"causes":1047},"Asmaa Mahfouz","asmaa-mahfouz","/women/asmaa-mahfouz.jpg","Egypt",1985,[164,163,259,260],{"name":1049,"slug":1050,"image":1051,"country":1052,"born":1053,"died":1054,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":1004,"causes":1055},"Assia Djebar","assia-djebar","/women/assia-djebar.jpg","Algeria",1936,2015,[209,158,263,159],{"name":1057,"slug":1058,"image":1059,"country":121,"born":1060,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":1061},"Ayo Obe","ayo-obe","/women/ayo-obe.png",1955,[195,255,266,120],{"name":1063,"slug":1064,"image":1065,"country":121,"born":1066,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":135,"causes":1067},"Ayoka Olufunmilayo Adebambo","ayoka-adebambo","/women/ayoka-adebambo.jpg",1948,[269,214,270,271],{"name":1069,"slug":1070,"image":1071,"country":904,"born":1072,"died":136,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":907,"causes":1073},"Baleka Mbete","baleka-mbete","/women/baleka-mbete.jpg",1949,[274,275,164,276],{"name":1075,"slug":1076,"image":1077,"country":1078,"born":1079,"died":1012,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":907,"causes":1080},"Bessie Head","bessie-head","/women/bessie-head.jpg","Botswana",1937,[209,279,280,281],{"name":1082,"slug":1083,"image":1084,"country":1039,"born":1085,"died":1086,"ogFocal":136,"era":882,"region":928,"causes":1087},"Bi Kidude","bi-kidude","/women/bi-kidude.png",1910,2013,[152,263,284,285],1789127349898]