[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1084},["ShallowReactive",2],{"woman-/women/nwanyeruwa":3,"hub-cause-index":139,"related-nwanyeruwa":872},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"born":114,"causes":115,"country":120,"dateAdded":121,"description":105,"died":114,"era":122,"extension":123,"featured":124,"funFact":125,"hook":126,"image":127,"imageCredit":128,"meta":129,"name":5,"navigation":124,"ogFocal":130,"path":131,"readingTime":132,"region":133,"sameAs":114,"seo":134,"slug":135,"stem":136,"summary":137,"__hash__":138},"women/women/nwanyeruwa.md","Nwanyeruwa",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":104},"minimark",[9,14,18,21,24,28,31,34,37,40,43,47,50,53,57,60,64,67,70,73,76,79,82,86,89,92,95,98],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"biography","Biography",[15,16,17],"p",{},"She was a widow in Oloko, in Bende Division of what was then Owerri Province, in the palm belt of southeastern Nigeria. Her husband was called Ojim. She traded, and she processed palm oil, which is what she was doing in her compound in late November 1929 when a man named Mark Emeruwa came to count her household.",[15,19,20],{},"That is close to everything anyone knows about her life. There is no birth year. There is no death year. There is no photograph, and no likeness, and the pictures that circulate online under her name are other women entirely. She enters the historical record in November 1929 and leaves it in March 1930, and the record itself was written by the administration she was fighting, in English, through interpreters.",[15,22,23],{},"What happened in between changed the government of a region of two million people.",[10,25,27],{"id":26},"the-argument","The argument",[15,29,30],{},"Emeruwa was not a British officer. He was a local man, mission-educated, working as an agent for Okugo, the warrant chief of Oloko. He told her to count her goats, her sheep and the people in her house.",[15,32,33],{},"The women of the region had watched this before. A count had been taken in 1926 without anyone explaining why. In 1928 the men were taxed. Now, in 1929, enumerators were back and this time they were counting women, children and livestock. Nobody needed a conspiracy theory. They needed a calendar.",[15,35,36],{},"She refused, and asked him the question the whole thing turns on. Was your widowed mother counted? In another version preserved in the inquiry papers she said she was only a woman, so what had she to count in the way of goats and fowls. Both amount to the same thing: women were not taxed, widows least of all, and he had no business in her yard.",[15,38,39],{},"The commission's own report records what happened next in five words. Thereupon Emeruwa seized her by the throat.",[15,41,42],{},"Her hands were red and slick with palm oil. She grabbed him back, marking his hands and his clothes, and then she went out to the women already gathered and told them.",[10,44,46],{"id":45},"historical-context","Historical Context",[15,48,49],{},"Igbo society had no kings for the British to rule through, so the British invented some. The warrant chief system handed a warrant and a Native Court to men appointed by the administration, an office with no precedent in Igbo political life, and by the 1920s it was a byword for extortion. It also pushed aside the women's assemblies, the mikiri, which had governed markets and settled disputes between women for as long as anyone could remember.",[15,51,52],{},"The timing made it worse. World palm produce prices collapsed with the markets in late 1929. Women were being counted for taxation at the exact moment their trading income disappeared. Nwanyeruwa told the commission later that she had once been a rich woman, and that Okugo had taken her money until she had none.",[10,54,56],{"id":55},"what-she-fought-for","What She Fought For",[15,58,59],{},"Not being taxed, first. But underneath that, the thing the British never understood they had taken: the right of women to be consulted about the terms of their own lives, which the mikiri had given them and indirect rule had quietly removed.",[10,61,63],{"id":62},"major-achievements","Major Achievements",[15,65,66],{},"The message moved through the markets and the women's councils, carried with young palm fronds passed from village to village as a summons. Three women of Oloko, Ikonnia, Nwannedia and Nwugo, turned one woman's story into a campaign, and it is worth being accurate about this: Nwanyeruwa struck the match, and they built the fire. Her name survived precisely because other women decided to carry it.",[15,68,69],{},"Within days about ten thousand women had converged on Oloko. They surrounded Okugo's compound, pulled him out and sat on him, the old Igbo sanction in which women gather at an offending man's house, sing his offences at him and refuse to leave. District Officer Captain Cook gave them a written promise that women would not be taxed, arrested Okugo, and threw his cap of office into the crowd.",[15,71,72],{},"It did not stop there. Over the following weeks the war spread across Owerri and Calabar provinces, six thousand square miles and six ethnic groups, Igbo, Ibibio, Andoni, Ogoni, Efik and Ijaw. In Ibibio it is called Ekong Iban. Tens of thousands of women took part, the figure most often given is twenty-five thousand. At least ten Native Courts were destroyed, European factories were looted, prisons were opened and telegraph wires cut.",[15,74,75],{},"Then the troops fired. On 14 December at Utu Etim Ekpo, eighteen women were killed. On 16 December at Opobo, sixty-two shots were fired into a crowd and thirty-two people died. Across all the shootings at least fifty women were killed and about as many wounded. Afterwards the administration burned compounds and fined villages under the Collective Punishment Ordinance, which is the half of the story that usually gets left out.",[15,77,78],{},"Okugo was convicted in December 1929 and given two years. Two commissions of inquiry followed. The second sat for thirty-eight days and heard four hundred and eighty-five witnesses, and Nwanyeruwa gave evidence to it on 12 March 1930.",[15,80,81],{},"The plan to tax women was dropped. The warrant chief system was dismantled and replaced, and Native Court seats were filled by town meetings rather than by warrant. A small number of women were appointed to the courts, although not in the form or the numbers the women had demanded. And in 1933 the administration outlawed sitting on a man, which is to say the reform that answered the women also took away the method that had worked.",[10,83,85],{"id":84},"her-impact-today","Her Impact Today",[15,87,88],{},"The British called it the Aba Riots for fifty years, a word chosen to make it sound like weather. It took the work of historians, Judith Van Allen above all, to restore the name the women used themselves, Ogu Umunwanyi, the Women's War, and to show it was fought with a political repertoire that colonial officials could not see because they had already decided women had no politics.",[15,90,91],{},"The line runs forward from her: the tax protests of 1938, the oil mill protests of the 1940s, the revolt of 1956. The memorial at Ikot Abasi stands where the shooting was.",[15,93,94],{},"There is no monument to Nwanyeruwa. There is no known grave and no known face. The commission that heard her recommended that both the man who grabbed her and the chief who sent him be pardoned. She got nothing, and this is not an oversight in the record, it is the record.",[96,97],"hr",{},[15,99,100],{},[101,102,103],"em",{},"Sources: The National Archives (UK), \"Ogu Umunwanyi, Ekong Iban, Women's War\", drawing on the Aba Commission of Inquiry report, CO 583/176/8; Margery Perham, \"Native Administration in Nigeria\" (1937); Judith Van Allen, \"Sitting on a Man: Colonialism and the Lost Political Institutions of Igbo Women\", Canadian Journal of African Studies 6:2 (1972); Toyin Falola and Adam Paddock (eds), \"The Women's War of 1929\"; Abiodun S. Afolabi, \"Tax and Women: A Review of the 1929 Owerri Province Insurrections\", Social Evolution & History 21:2 (2022); BlackPast; Gender in African Biography.",{"title":105,"searchDepth":106,"depth":106,"links":107},"",2,[108,109,110,111,112,113],{"id":12,"depth":106,"text":13},{"id":26,"depth":106,"text":27},{"id":45,"depth":106,"text":46},{"id":55,"depth":106,"text":56},{"id":62,"depth":106,"text":63},{"id":84,"depth":106,"text":85},null,[116,117,118,119],"Anti-colonial resistance","Women's rights","Grassroots organising","Women's economic empowerment","Nigeria","2026-09-11","Colonial","md",true,"The commission of inquiry that heard her evidence recommended that the man who grabbed her by the throat, and the chief who sent him, both be pardoned.","She was told to count her goats. Six weeks later the colonial administration was on fire.","/women/placeholder.svg","No photograph or likeness of Nwanyeruwa is known to exist. Any image circulating under her name is somebody else.",{},"50% 20%","/women/nwanyeruwa",6,"West Africa",{"description":105},"nwanyeruwa","women/nwanyeruwa","A widow in the village of Oloko who was told to count her goats. The argument that followed set off Ogu Umunwanyi, the Women's War of 1929, in which tens of thousands of Igbo and Ibibio women shut down six thousand square miles of colonial administration and broke the warrant chief system. Roughly four months of her life are on record and nothing else is, not her birth, not her death, not her face.","q2JHSrZXahapqXT0fRVEf8iAj2Su4CyiGJMoZQ2njAQ",[140,146,152,157,162,168,173,180,186,190,195,200,204,209,212,216,221,227,233,238,242,246,249,255,259,262,265,270,275,280,284,288,292,296,300,303,308,313,318,321,326,328,330,333,337,340,342,346,350,353,357,360,364,369,374,379,381,384,386,389,392,395,397,402,404,411,413,417,420,425,428,430,433,436,439,442,446,450,456,459,463,467,470,472,476,479,483,486,489,493,497,499,501,503,508,510,513,515,518,522,524,526,528,532,534,537,540,544,547,550,554,558,561,565,568,570,572,575,581,584,588,590,592,594,599,605,607,609,612,614,618,623,627,629,631,636,639,643,647,649,651,653,657,660,663,670,677,682,684,689,691,694,700,702,704,706,710,715,717,719,723,725,728,730,735,741,743,745,751,753,760,765,772,778,780,784,787,793,797,799,803,806,810,812,814,819,822,824,827,829,831,836,839,844,847,849,853,855,860,862,865],{"causes":141},[142,143,144,145],"Diaspora affairs","Accountability","Women in politics","Media",{"causes":147},[148,149,150,151],"Political leadership","Cultural preservation","Sovereignty & independence","Women's leadership",{"causes":153},[154,155,117,156],"Education","Pan-Africanism","Cultural identity",{"causes":158},[159,117,160,161],"Anti-apartheid","Political freedom","Democracy",{"causes":163},[164,165,166,167],"Climate justice","Environmental activism","Youth leadership","Lake Chad crisis",{"causes":169},[170,171,172,154],"Technology","Computer Science","Women in STEM",{"causes":174},[175,176,177,178,179],"Girls' education","Merit over ethnicity","Women in science","Peace & reconciliation","Protection of civilians",{"causes":181},[182,183,184,185],"Representation","HIV awareness","Women's visibility","Beauty & fashion",{"causes":187},[117,188,154,189],"Health","Advocacy",{"causes":191},[192,143,193,194],"Human rights","Women's activism","Anti-police brutality",{"causes":196},[197,198,151,199],"Anti-apartheid activism","Healthcare rights","Political rights",{"causes":201},[202,203,150],"Anti-colonial activism","Spiritual leadership",{"causes":205},[206,207,155,208],"Literature","Feminism","African identity",{"causes":210},[211,148,117,165],"Science",{"causes":213},[188,214,215,177],"Public health","Medical heroism",{"causes":217},[218,219,220,151],"Sustainable development","Global governance","Climate policy",{"causes":222},[223,224,225,226],"Military leadership","Political power","Women's sovereignty","Trade expansion",{"causes":228},[229,230,231,232],"Sahrawi self-determination","Nonviolent resistance","Human rights documentation","Political prisoners' rights",{"causes":234},[235,236,237],"Pan-African independence","Women's political power","Equal access to medicine",{"causes":239},[175,240,241],"Artistic freedom","African culture on the world stage",{"causes":243},[117,244,197,119,245],"Judicial reform","Constitutional development",{"causes":247},[199,248,198,202],"Women's suffrage",{"causes":250},[117,251,252,253,254],"Development and poverty reduction","HIV/AIDS response","Rule of law","African representation in global governance",{"causes":256},[161,160,257,258],"Youth activism","Arab Spring",{"causes":260},[206,117,261,156],"Freedom of expression",{"causes":263},[192,253,264,151],"Civil society",{"causes":266},[267,211,268,269],"Agriculture","Women in academia","Food security",{"causes":271},[272,273,161,274],"Anti-apartheid resistance","Women's political leadership","Arts & culture",{"causes":276},[206,277,278,279],"Racial justice","Women's identity","Exile and belonging",{"causes":281},[149,261,282,283],"Women's health education","Defiance of social convention",{"causes":285},[286,236,287],"Independence","Grassroots organizing",{"causes":289},[290,117,291,143],"Journalism","Peace",{"causes":293},[294,184,295,182],"Sports","Athletics",{"causes":297},[298,299,117,154],"History","Gender studies",{"causes":301},[156,159,117,302],"Music",{"causes":304},[305,154,306,307],"Women's rights in literature","Immigrant experience","Social justice",{"causes":309},[310,311,214,312,273],"National independence","Women's equality in liberation movements","Pan-African women's solidarity",{"causes":314},[315,192,316,317],"Sport & empowerment","Bodily autonomy","Gender equality",{"causes":319},[149,320,155],"Cultural diplomacy",{"causes":322},[323,324,199,325],"Women's education","Anti-pass law resistance","Religious & social welfare",{"causes":327},[207,206,317,208],{"causes":329},[294,184,295,182],{"causes":331},[199,248,154,332],"Anti-colonialism",{"causes":334},[211,335,172,336],"Geophysics","Natural resources",{"causes":338},[116,117,339,155],"Scholarship & literature",{"causes":341},[315,317,178],{"causes":343},[344,345,154,192],"Gender-based violence","Children's rights",{"causes":347},[223,332,348,349],"Berber sovereignty","Women's power",{"causes":351},[202,352,192,117],"Nationalist politics",{"causes":354},[214,355,356,151],"Anti-corruption & transparency","Consumer protection",{"causes":358},[248,359,160],"Women's education and literacy",{"causes":361},[272,199,362,363],"International solidarity","ANC activism",{"causes":365},[366,177,367,368],"Healthcare","Child health","Ophthalmology",{"causes":370},[371,372,373],"Maternal health","Ending female genital mutilation","Training midwives",{"causes":375},[376,377,155,378],"Theatre","Children's education","African literature",{"causes":380},[224,119,151],{"causes":382},[273,199,383],"Economic reform",{"causes":385},[148,192,151,320],{"causes":387},[148,161,388,117],"Post-conflict reconstruction",{"causes":390},[272,117,391,154],"Community organising",{"causes":393},[148,150,394],"Religious leadership",{"causes":396},[383,117,154,118],{"causes":398},[399,400,401],"Ndebele art and cultural heritage","Women in the arts","Teaching tradition to new generations",{"causes":403},[154,394,149],{"causes":405},[406,407,408,409,410],"Environmental conservation","Ending the charcoal trade","Renewable energy","Pastoralist livelihoods","Women in peacebuilding",{"causes":412},[197,192,117,307],{"causes":414},[415,192,253,416],"International justice","War crimes accountability",{"causes":418},[154,419,268],"Library Science",{"causes":421},[422,423,424,149],"Women's representation in literature","Publishing & education","Post-war reconstruction",{"causes":426},[427,117,154,182],"Legal rights",{"causes":429},[383,151,154,307],{"causes":431},[211,432,172,154],"Physics",{"causes":434},[274,184,435,182],"Nollywood",{"causes":437},[199,202,323,438],"Labour rights",{"causes":440},[248,199,323,441],"Northern Nigeria women's rights",{"causes":443},[444,274,445,184],"Film","African storytelling",{"causes":447},[117,317,448,175,449],"Pan-African integration","Democratic governance",{"causes":451},[452,453,454,455,332],"Malagasy independence","Amnesty for political prisoners","Women's political participation","Malagasy culture and language",{"causes":457},[345,154,117,458],"Peace & humanitarian work",{"causes":460},[154,461,268,462],"Mathematics","Leadership",{"causes":464},[151,317,465,466,119],"Local governance","Urban development",{"causes":468},[469,143,151,264],"Governance",{"causes":471},[161,151,192,264],{"causes":473},[224,474,475,151],"Trade","Architecture",{"causes":477},[192,117,253,478],"Anti-death penalty",{"causes":480},[481,117,482],"Healthcare for the displaced","Peace and clan reconciliation",{"causes":484},[272,192,485,253],"Parliamentary opposition",{"causes":487},[117,310,154,488],"Feminist organising",{"causes":490},[454,491,161,492],"Diplomacy","Development",{"causes":494},[495,119,496],"Environmental sustainability","Plastic waste reduction",{"causes":498},[427,154,268,462],{"causes":500},[117,202,197,154,155],{"causes":502},[274,154,376,184],{"causes":504},[505,506,507],"Freedom from slavery","Dignity of trafficking survivors","Faith and service",{"causes":509},[202,117,317,154],{"causes":511},[148,117,161,512],"Economic development",{"causes":514},[344,192,178,117],{"causes":516},[150,517,116],"Diplomacy & military strategy",{"causes":519},[520,151,521,469],"Economic policy","Finance",{"causes":523},[203,202,150,149],{"causes":525},[161,199,192,253],{"causes":527},[148,154,150,151],{"causes":529},[274,149,530,531],"Women's recognition","Traditional craft",{"causes":533},[116,150,203],{"causes":535},[536,117,388,199],"Peace activism",{"causes":538},[272,273,539,438],"Pass laws",{"causes":541},[206,542,274,543],"Women's voices","Publishing",{"causes":545},[512,151,469,546],"Public finance",{"causes":548},[444,182,549,117],"Anti-colorism",{"causes":551},[454,552,332,323,553],"Press freedom","African feminist literature",{"causes":555},[273,556,323,557],"Mende unity","Diplomatic mediation",{"causes":559},[154,560,268,462],"Chemistry",{"causes":562},[563,253,564,151],"Women in the judiciary","Protection of civilians in conflict",{"causes":566},[159,154,214,567],"Democratic reform",{"causes":569},[517,151,150],{"causes":571},[454,118,202,352],{"causes":573},[305,154,574,307],"Polygamy & marriage law",{"causes":576},[577,578,579,580],"Women's welfare","Rural development","First Lady legacy","Beauty and culture",{"causes":582},[345,307,583,151],"Legal reform",{"causes":585},[586,587,244],"Women's legal rights","Ending marriage by abduction",{"causes":589},[202,150,149],{"causes":591},[274,184,435,182],{"causes":593},[197,320,155,117],{"causes":595},[272,596,261,597,598],"Black women's voices in publishing","Black-owned publishing","Documenting township life",{"causes":600},[601,602,603,604],"Sacrifice","Community protection","Women's courage","Yoruba heritage",{"causes":606},[116,150,151],{"causes":608},[202,339,117,154],{"causes":610},[272,611,192,160],"Literature & free expression",{"causes":613},[323,339,394,149],{"causes":615},[454,161,616,617],"Social development","First ladies' activism",{"causes":619},[620,621,622],"Women in sport","Olympic leadership","Youth empowerment through sport",{"causes":624},[207,117,625,626,160],"Anti-FGM","Secularism",{"causes":628},[116,148,150,151],{"causes":630},[202,150,203],{"causes":632},[633,634,635],"National liberation and independence","Women in political leadership","Peace, stability and clean government",{"causes":637},[274,638,435,184],"Health awareness",{"causes":640},[383,641,151,642],"Transparency & anti-corruption","Global trade & development",{"causes":644},[645,646,149,154],"Art","Women empowerment",{"causes":648},[197,198,273,155],{"causes":650},[116,117,118,119],{"causes":652},[150,116,148,517],{"causes":654},[154,655,656,512],"Anti-corruption","Good governance",{"causes":658},[207,659,117,206],"Anti-racism",{"causes":661},[444,662,117,445],"Humanitarian work",{"causes":664},[665,666,667,668,669],"Women's economic independence","Indigenous African commerce","Women's political authority","Market regulation","Dispute resolution",{"causes":671},[672,673,674,675,676],"Women's empowerment","HIV/AIDS awareness","National unity","Niger Delta environmental justice","Artists' rights",{"causes":678},[117,679,680,240,681],"Against forced marriage","Against polygamy","Economic empowerment of women",{"causes":683},[117,148,317,154],{"causes":685},[686,687,151,688],"Truth & reconciliation","Trauma & healing","Psychology & social justice",{"causes":690},[148,151,223,149],{"causes":692},[224,225,223,693],"Cultural legacy",{"causes":695},[696,697,698,699,665],"Women's safety","Ending FGM","Ending forced marriage","Shelter for survivors of violence",{"causes":701},[274,184,435,182],{"causes":703},[202,454,199,150],{"causes":705},[192,161,151],{"causes":707},[272,708,199,709],"Journalism & free press","Academic freedom",{"causes":711},[178,712,454,713,714],"Disarmament","Democratic elections","Refugee resettlement",{"causes":716},[274,184,302,182],{"causes":718},[491,151,536,148],{"causes":720},[116,117,721,722],"Refugee support","Independence struggle",{"causes":724},[148,161,214,117],{"causes":726},[156,154,727,155],"Resilience",{"causes":729},[116,517,203,150],{"causes":731},[732,733,734],"Genocide remembrance","Literature as testimony","Dignity of refugees and women",{"causes":736},[737,177,738,739,740],"African food security","Bioscience capacity in Africa","Sustainable pest management","Smallholder farmers",{"causes":742},[148,223,151,274],{"causes":744},[274,184,435,182],{"causes":746},[747,454,748,749,750],"Women's access to education","Social welfare","Educational equity","Disability rights",{"causes":752},[148,214,117,161],{"causes":754},[755,756,757,758,759],"Women in sacred music","Preservation of mbira tradition","Cultural resistance","Zimbabwean liberation","Mentoring female musicians",{"causes":761},[366,762,763,764],"Pharmaceuticals","Women in business","Entrepreneurship",{"causes":766},[767,768,769,770,771],"Abolition of the death penalty","Prisoners' rights","Legal education for the incarcerated","Fair sentencing","Rehabilitation of ex-prisoners",{"causes":773},[774,775,776,777,709],"African feminism","Decolonisation of law","LGBTQ+ rights","Ending sexual harassment",{"causes":779},[273,178,383,161],{"causes":781},[782,783,175],"Women's health","Family planning",{"causes":785},[150,116,148,786],"Military strategy",{"causes":788},[177,789,790,791,792],"Affordable cancer treatment","Nanotechnology in Africa","Clean water","Mentorship of African researchers",{"causes":794},[291,620,795,796],"Refugee rights","Youth empowerment",{"causes":798},[345,317,154,117],{"causes":800},[462,801,802],"Nation-building","Indigenous heritage",{"causes":804},[274,184,805,182],"Afrobeats",{"causes":807},[267,808,268,809],"Economics","Public service",{"causes":811},[339,261,117,307],{"causes":813},[156,151,155,302],{"causes":815},[816,817,818],"Equal citizenship for women","Human rights and access to justice","Indigenous land rights",{"causes":820},[821,307,317],"Environmental rights",{"causes":823},[192,253,199,117],{"causes":825},[159,826,160,151],"Human rights law",{"causes":828},[202,117,199,192],{"causes":830},[821,161,117,655],{"causes":832},[154,833,834,835],"African scholarship","Women in research","Gender equity",{"causes":837},[625,117,192,838],"UN advocacy",{"causes":840},[841,842,117,843],"Global health","Inequality","HIV/AIDS",{"causes":845},[197,199,846,151],"Black liberation",{"causes":848},[202,150,148],{"causes":850},[366,117,851,852],"Community development","Family legacy",{"causes":854},[151,517,149],{"causes":856},[857,673,858,672,859],"Malaria eradication","Children's welfare","Adult literacy",{"causes":861},[520,151,469,492],{"causes":863},[192,117,864,469],"Conflict & sexual violence",{"causes":866},[867,868,869,870,871],"Black LGBTQIA+ visibility","Ending hate crimes","Trans rights","Queer archives","Reclaiming Black identity",[873,880,888,897,905,912,918,926,932,938,944,951,960,968,975,981,987,994,1002,1011,1017,1023,1031,1037,1044,1052,1058,1064,1070,1077],{"name":874,"slug":875,"image":876,"country":120,"born":877,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":879},"Abike Dabiri-Erewa","abike-dabiri-erewa","/women/abike-dabiri-erewa.jpg",1962,"Modern",[142,143,144,145],{"name":881,"slug":882,"image":127,"country":883,"born":884,"died":885,"ogFocal":114,"era":886,"region":133,"causes":887},"Abla Pokou","abla-pokou","Côte d'Ivoire",1700,1760,"Pre-Colonial",[148,149,150,151],{"name":889,"slug":890,"image":891,"country":892,"born":893,"died":894,"ogFocal":895,"era":122,"region":133,"causes":896},"Adelaide Casely-Hayford","adelaide-casely-hayford","/women/adelaide-casely-hayford.jpg","Sierra Leone",1868,1960,"50% 10%",[154,155,117,156],{"name":898,"slug":899,"image":127,"country":900,"born":901,"died":902,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":903,"causes":904},"Adelaide Tambo","adelaide-tambo","South Africa",1929,2007,"Southern Africa",[159,117,160,161],{"name":906,"slug":907,"image":908,"country":120,"born":909,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":910,"region":133,"causes":911},"Adenike Oladosu","adenike-oladosu","/women/adenike-oladosu.png",1994,"Contemporary",[164,165,166,167],{"name":913,"slug":914,"image":915,"country":120,"born":916,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":917},"Adenike Osofisan","adenike-osofisan","/women/adenike-osofisan.jpg",1950,[170,171,172,154],{"name":919,"slug":920,"image":921,"country":922,"born":923,"died":909,"ogFocal":114,"era":910,"region":924,"causes":925},"Agathe Uwilingiyimana","agathe-uwilingiyimana","/women/agathe-uwilingiyimana.jpg","Rwanda",1953,"East Africa",[175,176,177,178,179],{"name":927,"slug":928,"image":929,"country":120,"born":930,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":931},"Agbani Darego","agbani-darego","/women/agbani-darego.jpg",1982,[182,183,184,185],{"name":933,"slug":934,"image":935,"country":120,"born":936,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":937},"Aisha Buhari","aisha-buhari","/women/aisha-buhari.jpg",1971,[117,188,154,189],{"name":939,"slug":940,"image":941,"country":120,"born":942,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":943},"Aisha Yesufu","aisha-yesufu","/women/aisha-yesufu.png",1973,[192,143,193,194],{"name":945,"slug":946,"image":947,"country":900,"born":948,"died":949,"ogFocal":895,"era":878,"region":903,"causes":950},"Albertina Sisulu","albertina-sisulu","/women/albertina-sisulu.jpg",1918,2011,[197,198,151,199],{"name":952,"slug":953,"image":954,"country":955,"born":956,"died":957,"ogFocal":958,"era":122,"region":133,"causes":959},"Aline Sitoé Diatta","aline-sitoe-diatta","/women/aline-sitoe-diatta.jpg","Senegal",1920,1944,"50% 45%",[202,203,150],{"name":961,"slug":962,"image":963,"country":964,"born":965,"died":966,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":967},"Ama Ata Aidoo","ama-ata-aidoo","/women/ama-ata-aidoo.png","Ghana",1942,2023,[206,207,155,208],{"name":969,"slug":970,"image":971,"country":972,"born":973,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":910,"region":924,"causes":974},"Ameenah Gurib-Fakim","ameenah-gurib-fakim","/women/ameenah-gurib-fakim.jpg","Mauritius",1959,[211,148,117,165],{"name":976,"slug":977,"image":127,"country":120,"born":978,"died":979,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":980},"Ameyo Stella Adadevoh","ameyo-stella-adadevoh",1956,2014,[188,214,215,177],{"name":982,"slug":983,"image":984,"country":120,"born":985,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":910,"region":133,"causes":986},"Amina J. Mohammed","amina-j-mohammed","/women/amina-j-mohammed.jpg",1961,[218,219,220,151],{"name":988,"slug":989,"image":990,"country":120,"born":991,"died":992,"ogFocal":114,"era":886,"region":133,"causes":993},"Amina of Zazzau","amina-of-zazzau","/women/amina-of-zazzau.jpg",1533,1610,[223,224,225,226],{"name":995,"slug":996,"image":997,"country":998,"born":999,"died":114,"ogFocal":958,"era":910,"region":1000,"causes":1001},"Aminatou Haidar","aminatou-haidar","/women/aminatou-haidar.jpg","Western Sahara",1966,"North Africa",[229,230,231,232],{"name":1003,"slug":1004,"image":1005,"country":1006,"born":1007,"died":1008,"ogFocal":114,"era":286,"region":1009,"causes":1010},"Andrée Blouin","andree-blouin","/women/andree-blouin.jpg","Central African Republic",1921,1986,"Central Africa",[235,236,237],{"name":1012,"slug":1013,"image":1014,"country":1015,"born":894,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":910,"region":133,"causes":1016},"Angélique Kidjo","angelique-kidjo","/women/angelique-kidjo.jpg","Benin",[175,240,241],{"name":1018,"slug":1019,"image":1020,"country":964,"born":948,"died":1021,"ogFocal":114,"era":286,"region":133,"causes":1022},"Annie Jiagge","annie-jiagge","/women/annie-jiagge.jpg",1996,[117,244,197,119,245],{"name":1024,"slug":1025,"image":1026,"country":1027,"born":1028,"died":1029,"ogFocal":114,"era":286,"region":133,"causes":1030},"Aoua Keita","aoua-keita","/women/aoua-keita.jpg","Mali",1912,1980,[199,248,198,202],{"name":1032,"slug":1033,"image":1034,"country":1035,"born":978,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":910,"region":924,"causes":1036},"Asha-Rose Migiro","asha-rose-migiro","/women/asha-rose-migiro.jpg","Tanzania",[117,251,252,253,254],{"name":1038,"slug":1039,"image":1040,"country":1041,"born":1042,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":910,"region":1000,"causes":1043},"Asmaa Mahfouz","asmaa-mahfouz","/women/asmaa-mahfouz.jpg","Egypt",1985,[161,160,257,258],{"name":1045,"slug":1046,"image":1047,"country":1048,"born":1049,"died":1050,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":1000,"causes":1051},"Assia Djebar","assia-djebar","/women/assia-djebar.jpg","Algeria",1936,2015,[206,117,261,156],{"name":1053,"slug":1054,"image":1055,"country":120,"born":1056,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":1057},"Ayo Obe","ayo-obe","/women/ayo-obe.png",1955,[192,253,264,151],{"name":1059,"slug":1060,"image":1061,"country":120,"born":1062,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":133,"causes":1063},"Ayoka Olufunmilayo Adebambo","ayoka-adebambo","/women/ayoka-adebambo.jpg",1948,[267,211,268,269],{"name":1065,"slug":1066,"image":1067,"country":900,"born":1068,"died":114,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":903,"causes":1069},"Baleka Mbete","baleka-mbete","/women/baleka-mbete.jpg",1949,[272,273,161,274],{"name":1071,"slug":1072,"image":1073,"country":1074,"born":1075,"died":1008,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":903,"causes":1076},"Bessie Head","bessie-head","/women/bessie-head.jpg","Botswana",1937,[206,277,278,279],{"name":1078,"slug":1079,"image":1080,"country":1035,"born":1081,"died":1082,"ogFocal":114,"era":878,"region":924,"causes":1083},"Bi Kidude","bi-kidude","/women/bi-kidude.png",1910,2013,[149,261,282,283],1789127352617]